These questions are political in the sense that the debate over them will inevitably be less an exploration of abstract matters in a spirit of disinterested inquiry than an academic power struggle in which the career and professional fortunes of many women scholars — only now entering the academic profession in substantial numbers — will be at stake, and which them the chances for a contribution that might be an important influence against sexism in our society.
其实长句也可以当做简单句看，不必看到长句就神经紧张，至少这是一种好的心态。
句子可以分为两大大部分，四大意群。
第一部分：These questions are political
第二部分：（即句子剩余部分）in the sense that the debate over them will inevitably be less an exploration of abstract matters in a spirit of disinterested inquiry than an academic power struggle in which the career and professional fortunes of many women scholars — only now entering the academic profession in substantial numbers — will be at stake, and which them the chances for a contribution that might be an important influence against sexism in our society.
第一部分与第二部分的关系为：第二部分解释第一部分。即：为什么这个"These questions are political " 是因为"从这个意义(in the sense)"上来说的 "that debate over..........in our society"
四大意群：一、These questions are political （这个问题具有政治意义）
二、in a sense that the debate over them will inevitably be less an exploration of abstract matters in a spirit of disinterested inquiry than an academic power struggle (从某种意义上在这场争辩不像一个对抽象问题以一种无私的质疑精神探索而更像学术权力的斗争）
三、 in which the career and professional fortunes of many women scholars — only now entering the academic profession in substantial numbers — will be at stake （结果许多女性学者的职业和以及其所附带的财富将会危如累卵；红色部分是修饰women scholars 指的是“现在大量进入学术领域的妇女“）注：此句是对“ an academic power struggle”的内容进行说明，或者说是导出“ an academic power struggle ”所产生的结果， 这是 in which 一种常用的用法。
四、and which them the chances for a contribution that might be an important influence against sexism in our society.（个人认为：这里有个错误，them 不能作动词，所以them前面少了一个单词，而联系上下语境，them前面的单词意思应与“剥夺”有关，如 rob 、remove等。该句意思为：并且从而剥夺她们了为社会做有利于抵制性别歧视的贡献的机会）
四大意群的关系：“二、三、四” 解释“ 一”，“三、四” 又对“ 二”描述的情况所产生的结果进行说明。
Conclusion（这句话的意思为）：这个问题具有其政治意义，从某种意义上来说，在这场争辩不像一个对抽象问题以一种无私的质疑精神探索而更像学术权力的斗争；在这种情况下，许多女性学者（包括现在大量进入学术领域的妇女）的职业生涯和以及其所附带的财富将会危如累卵；并且从而剥夺她们了为社会做有利于抵制性别歧视的贡献的机会。
忙了好久，终于写完了。希望大家多多指教。
