09 农业报道——家庭菜园：如何处理铅

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This is the VOA Special English Agriculture Report.

土壤天然含有安全量的铅及其他金属。但是由于污染，越接近城镇，土壤重金属含量越高。不过专家们表示，如果采取一些安全措施，这些重金属不会影响到菜农种植蔬菜。

纽约州大学环境科学和林学学院的化学教授大卫约翰森解释到，含铅的涂料、含铅的燃料以及工业（用铅）中的铅都可能渗入土壤。

And once lead gets into the soil, it stays a long time. It remains an environmental threat especially to children. Lead can harm mental and physical development even in babies before they are born.

一旦进入土壤，铅会存留很长时间。残存的铅会对环境造成威胁，尤其对小孩子（危害很大）。铅会伤害小孩子的神经发育和身体发育，即使是未出世的婴儿（也不例外）。

If a test finds that soil has too much lead, you might be advised to remove the soil or cover it with sod grass. Different countries have different levels that they consider acceptable.

如果检测表明土壤含铅量很高，就需要把这部分土壤移走或者用草皮草盖住它。不同国家对土壤中铅含量水平的要求不同。

明尼苏达大学附设部的卡尔罗森教授提到，由于越来越多的人种植菜园导致大家对铅含量的关注程度提高了。但是他表示，通常植物不会吸收多少铅的。可能（人们摄入的）铅多数来自植物上的铅尘和土壤中的铅而不是植物本身含有的。

不过，有些植物对铅的吸收能力较强。专家们建议在菜园中种植西红柿、胡椒、黄豆和秋葵。能吸收较多的污染物的植物是块根植物、多叶蔬菜及草本植物。假如你种的是胡萝卜，那么（吃的时候）最好削皮。有些植物的泥土较难清除些。但所有的蔬菜（在食用前）都要清洗一下。

菜园应该远离马路和建筑物，尤其要远离陈旧的建筑。家庭菜园应该离房屋根基远一些。工业区附近和废料堆旁（土壤的）铅含量尤其高。

Soil should also be tested for its pH level, a measure of the acid and alkaline balance. Experts say the ability to take up lead is reduced when the pH level is above six and a half. Adding organic material such as compost to soil can also make lead less available to plants.

土壤的 PH 值也应该测量一下， PH 水平是反映酸碱平衡的量度。专家们指出当 PH 值高于 6.5 时，植株吸收铅的能力就减弱了。施堆肥等有机肥也能使植物吸收铅量减少。

Some people attempt a process called phytoremediation. They try to remove lead from soil by growing certain plants that collect it. But Professor Rosen says the process is complex and may not work.

有人试过植物修复的方法（除铅）。他们试图种植特定的、可以聚集铅的植物来移出土壤中的铅。不过罗森教授指出，这个方法很复杂还不一定有效。

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该帖于2009年6月10日被版主推荐为精华帖。

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第1楼　作者：violet_huang　创建：	<编辑> <引用>

If a test finds that soil has too much lead, you might be advised to remove the soil or cover it with sod grass.

请问sod grass是什么草？

第2楼　作者：catherien　创建：	<编辑> <引用>

回一楼问题，我查了就是指草皮，具体啥草就不知道了~

第3楼　作者：wantme1314　创建：	<编辑> <引用>

AGRICULTURE REPORT - Home Gardening: What to Do About Lead

农业报告——家庭菜园：拒铅之法

Soil naturally contains harmless amounts of lead, along with other metals. Because of pollution, however, the amounts are higher the closer you get to cities and towns. But experts say this should not stop gardeners from growing food if they take safety measure.
抛开其它金属元素不说，土壤本身具有的铅含量是无害的。但是由于污染，离城市和城镇越近，土壤中的铅含量就越高。不过专家们表示，如果园艺爱好者采取一些安全措施，将不会妨碍他们种植蔬菜瓜果。

David Johnson is a chemistry professor in the State University of New York's College of Environmental Science and Forestry. He explains that lead can enter the ground from leaded paint and leaded fuel and from industry.
David Johnson 是纽约州立大学环境科学和林业学院的一名化学教授，他解释说泥土中含有的铅来源于铅涂料，加铅燃料和工业。

And once lead gets into the soil, it stays a long time. It remains an environmental threat especially to children. Lead can harm mental and physical development even in babies before they are born.
一旦铅渗入到土壤中，就会滞留很长的一段时间，对环境，特别是对儿童造成威胁，铅元素会伤害他们的身心发展，即使是尚未出生的婴儿。

If a test finds that soil has too much lead, you might be advised to remove the soil or cover it with sod grass. Different countries have different levels that they consider acceptable.
如果检测出土壤中含有大量铅，建议把那些土壤移除，或者用草皮覆盖。不同的国家对土壤中含铅量的接受标准也是不一样的。

Carl Rosen of the University of Minnesota Extension notes that concerns about lead have increased now that more people are planting gardens. But Professor Rosen says plants generally do not absorb much lead. He says there is likely more risk from lead dust on plants or from playing in the soil than from the plant itself.
明尼苏达大学分校的 Carl Rosen 注意到，铅已经引起了广泛关注，因为越来越多的人在自家的院子里种植植物。但是 Rosen 教授说植物通常不会吸收太多的铅元素，植物上的铅末或者在铅量高的土壤中玩耍要比植物本身更具危害性。

Still, some plants do absorb more than others. Experts say good choices for the garden include tomatoes, peppers, beans and okra. Among the plants that can absorb more contaminants, they say, are root crops, leafy vegetables and herbs. If you grow carrots, for example, you might want to peel them. Dirt may be harder to remove from some crops than from others. But all produce should be washed.
虽然如此，有些植物的吸收铅元素的能力还是比较不错的。专家们建议在自家的院子里种植番茄、辣椒，豆类和黄秋葵。在众多植物之中，可吸收污染物的植物是块根农作物，绿叶蔬菜，以及草本植物。如果你种了胡萝卜，你也许会把它们的皮削去后食用。但是附着在一些作物上的泥土可能比较难以清理，因此所有的农产品都应该用水洗干净。

Gardens should be planted away from roads and structures, especially old buildings. Home gardeners should plant away from the foundation of their house. And lead amounts can be especially high near industrial areas and waste dumps.
果蔬园应该远离道路和建筑物，特别是那些老建筑，而自家的菜园子要远离房屋的地基。工业区和废料堆附近的铅含量尤为之高。

Soil should also be tested for its PH level, a measure of the acid and alkaline balance. Experts say the ability to take up lead is reduced when the pH level is above six and a half. Adding organic material such as compost to soil can also make lead less available to plants.
另外，还应对土壤进行 PH 值测试，这是一种对土壤的酸碱平衡性进行测量的方法。专家们说，当 PH 值高于 6.5 的时候，土壤吸收铅的能力就会减弱。在土壤中增加诸如混合肥料的有机物质可以使植物远离铅元素。

Some people attempt a process called phytoremediation. They try to remove lead from soil by growing certain plants that collect it. But Professor Rosen says the process is complex and may not work.
如今，相当一部分人尝试一种叫做植物修复的方法，他们通过种植某些可以吸收铅元素的作物，试图把铅从土壤中去除。但是 Rosen 教授却说，这一方法相当繁琐，而且不一定行之有效。