More than 11,000 scientists are warning that the Earth, in their words, "clearly and unequivocally faces a climate emergency."
The scientists represent several fields of study and come from 150 countries around the world. They approved a report that appeared in the publication Bioscience earlier this month. It warns that the world would face "untold human suffering" if it does not make deep and lasting shifts in human activities that influence climate change.
The new report is called the "World Scientists' Warning of a Climate Emergency." Three leaders of the study are from the United States. They are ecologists Bill Ripple and Christopher Wolf of Oregon State University and William Moomaw of Tufts University in Massachusetts. The three worked on the study with scientists from universities in South Africa and Australia.
This is the first time a large group of scientists have jointly used the word 'emergency' when talking about climate change.
"Despite 40 years of global climate negotiations…we have generally conducted business as usual and have largely failed to address this predicament," the study said. "Climate change has arrived and is accelerating faster than many scientists expected."
The report identified six areas that the world needs to deal with immediately. The scientists appealed to nations to use energy more efficiently and cut their use of fossil fuels. They suggested that lawmakers approve taxes on the burning of carbon-based fuels, such as coal, oil and natural gas.
The scientists expressed support for women's rights and making family planning services 'available to all people.' They said this would help to reduce sudden or unexpected changes in the size of the human population.
The report urges people to move toward more of a plant-based diet.
Other areas of concern include preventing the destruction of forests and permanent loss of some plant and animal species.
The reported noted that it will most likely take strong actions by the public to move politicians to approve lasting policy changes.
The scientists added, 'We believe that the prospects will be greatest if decision-makers and all of humanity promptly respond to this warning and declaration of a climate emergency, and act to sustain life on planet Earth, our only home.'
I'm Jonathan Evans.
VOANews.com reported this story. Jonathan Evans adapted the story for Learning English. George Grow was the editor.
----------------
Words in This Story
accelerating – adj. increasing in speed or rate of occurrence
address – v. to deal with; give attention to
fossil fuels – n. fuels such as coal, oil, or natural gas that formed in the earth from dead plants or animals
predicament – n. a difficult or unpleasant situation
prospects – n. opportunities for something to happen
shifts – n. changes in how something is done or how people think about something
sustain – v. to provide what is needed for something or someone to exist, continue, etc.
unequivocally – adv. in an unequivocal manner

英语辅导杂志
适合初中~大学英语六级水平
期号:第20191110期
官网:www.unsv.com
主编:VAN ALLEN(工作微信:imvanallen)
编者按手机微信扫描右侧二维码,通过手机学习本期杂志。《VOA英语辅导杂志》同步精选全球热点原版英语文章进行深入讲解,涵盖词汇、句型、语法、背景知识等。适合初中英语及以上、大学英语六级及以下水平人士学习。

P01More than 11,000 scientists are warning that the Earth, in their words, "clearly and unequivocally faces a climate emergency."
超过1.1万名科学家发出警告。他们原话是“非常清楚明了,地球正面临气候紧急状态。” 要点
实用短语:in one's words,用某人的话说。这个短语后面一般使用引号引用某人的原话。
●
clearly /ˈkliɚli/ adv. - 明白地;清晰地

英解
used to show that you think something is obvious or certain
●
climate /ˈklaɪmət/ n. - 气候

英解
the usual weather conditions in a particular place or region
●
Earth /ˈɚθ/ n. - 地球

英解
the planet on which we live
●
emergency /ɪˈmɚʤənsi/ n. - 紧急情况;紧急状态

英解
an unexpected and usually dangerous situation that calls for immediate action
●
face /ˈfeɪs/ v. - 遭遇;面临;面对

英解
If you face a problem, or a problem faces you, you have to deal with it.
●
scientist /ˈsaiəntɪst/ n. - 科学家

英解
a person who is trained in a science and whose job involves doing scientific research or solving scientific problems
●
unequivocally /ˌʌnɪˈkwɪvəkli/ adv. - 明确地;毫不含糊

英解
in a way that is total, or expressed very clearly with no doubt
●
warn /ˈwoɚn/ v. - 警告;告诫

英解
to tell (someone) about possible danger or trouble
P02The scientists represent several fields of study and come from 150 countries around the world.
这些科学家来自全球150个国家,代表着多个研究领域。 要点
实用表达:名词复数 + around the world,表达来自全世界的什么。
●
country /ˈkʌntri/ n. - 国家

英解
an area of land that is controlled by its own government; the people who live in a country
●
field /ˈfi:ld/ n. - 领域

英解
an area of work, study, etc.
●
represent /ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnt/ v. - 代表着

英解
to be an example of (someone or something)
●
several /ˈsɛvərəl/ adj. - 几个;数个

英解
more than two but not very many
●
study /ˈstʌdi/ n. - 调查;研究

英解
the activity of examining a subject in detail in order to discover new information
P03They approved a report that appeared in the publication Bioscience earlier this month.
他们批准了本月早些时候刊登于《生物科学》的一份报告。 ●
appear /əˈpiɚ/ v. - 刊登;发表

英解
to be published or made available to the public
词注
报纸上发表常用 appear on,期刊里发表常用appear in。
●
approve /əˈpru:v/ v. - 批准;核准;同意

英解
to accept, allow, or officially agree to something
●
publication /ˌpʌbləˈkeɪʃən/ n. - 出版;出版物

英解
the act or process of producing a book, magazine, etc., and making it available to the public; a book, magazine, etc., that has been printed and made available to the public; the act of printing something (such as an article or photograph) in a magazine, newspaper, etc.
●
report /rɪˈpoɚt/ n. - (情况)报告

英解
a written or spoken description of a situation, event, etc.; a written or spoken statement about something that may or may not be true
P04It warns that the world would face "untold human suffering" if it does not make deep and lasting shifts in human activities that influence climate change.
它警告称,如果不对影响气候变化的人类活动进行深入持久的改变,那全人类都将面临“难以言表的苦难。” ●
activity /ækˈtɪvəti/ n. - 活动;行动

英解
behavior or actions of a particular kind; something that is done as work or for a particular purpose; something that is done for pleasure and that usually involves a group of people
●
climate change /ˈklaɪ.mət ˌtʃeɪndʒ/ n. - 气候变化

英解
changes in the world's weather, in particular the fact that it is believed to be getting warmer as a result of human activity increasing the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
●
deep /ˈdi:p/ adj., adv. - 深的;深地

●
human /ˈhju:mən/ adj. - 人的;人类的

英解
of, relating to, or affecting people
词注
美国人使用英语时,很多场合会把名词形容词化使用,即便这个单词在词典里并没有形容词项目。比如两个名词连在一起构成一个名词短语时,第一个名词即被形容词化。
●
influence /ˈɪnˌflu:wəns/ v. - 影响

英解
to affect or change (someone or something) in an indirect but usually important way; to have an influence on (someone or something)
●
lasting /ˈlɑːstɪŋ/ adj. - 持久的

英解
existing or continuing for a long time
●
shift /ˈʃɪft/ n. - 改变;转向

英解
a change in position or direction
●
suffering /ˈsʌfərɪŋ/ n. - 疼痛;折磨;苦难

英解
physical or mental pain that a person or animal is feeling
●
untold /ˌʌnˈtoʊld/ adj. - 不计其数的;难以形容的

英解
so great in amount or level that it can not be measured or expressed in words
P05The new report is called the "World Scientists' Warning of a Climate Emergency."
这份新报告名为《全球科学家发出气候紧急状态警告》。 P06Three leaders of the study are from the United States.
该研究项目的三位领导人都来自美国。 要点
实用表达:be from + 地点,来自哪里,哪里人。
●
leader /ˈli:dɚ/ n. - 领导人;领袖

英解
a person who leads a group, organization, country, etc.
P07They are ecologists Bill Ripple and Christopher Wolf of Oregon State University and William Moomaw of Tufts University in Massachusetts.
他们都是生态学家。比尔-瑞普和克里斯多夫-沃尔夫来自俄勒冈州立大学。威廉-穆茂来自马萨诸塞州塔弗茨大学。 ●
ecologist ɪˈkɑːləʤɪst n. - 生态学家

英解
a person who studies the natural relationships between the air, land, water, animals, plants, etc.
P08The three worked on the study with scientists from universities in South Africa and Australia.
此三人和来自南非与澳大利亚的多所大学科学家共同开展该研究。 ●
university /ˌju:nəˈvɚsəti/ n. - (综合性)大学

英解
a school that offers courses leading to a degree (such as a bachelor's, master's, or doctoral degree) and where research is done
P09This is the first time a large group of scientists have jointly used the word 'emergency' when talking about climate change.
这是大型科学家团体首次联合使用“紧急状态”这个词谈论气候变化。 ●
jointly /ˈdʒɔɪnt.li/ adv. - 共同地;联合地

英解
in a way that belongs to or is shared between two or more people
P10"Despite 40 years of global climate negotiations we have generally conducted business as usual and have largely failed to address this predicament," the study said.
该研究报告称:“尽管全球气候谈判已有40年,但我们基本还是一如既往地行事,根本未能成功应对这个困境。” ●
address /əˈdrɛs/ v. - 应对;处理

英解
to give attention to or deal with a matter or problem
●
conduct /kənˈdʌkt/ v. - 组织;举办;实施

英解
to organize and perform a particular activity
●
despite /dɪˈspaɪt/ prep. - 不管;尽管;无论

英解
without being prevented by (something)
●
generally /ˈʤɛnrəli/ adv. - 一般地;通常地

●
global /ˈgloʊbəl/ adj. - 全球的;环球的

英解
involving the entire world
●
largely /ˈlɑɚʤli/ adv. - 主要;很大程度上

英解
not completely but mostly
●
negotiation /nɪˌgoʊʃiˈeɪʃən/ n. - 谈判;协商

英解
a formal discussion between people who are trying to reach an agreement; an act of negotiating
●
predicament /prɪˈdɪkəmənt/ n. - 窘况;困境

英解
a difficult or unpleasant situation
P11Climate change has arrived and is accelerating faster than many scientists expected.
气候变化已经来到,加速远超诸多科学家预期。 要点
语法:climate change 是 has arrived 和 is accelerating 的共同主语。
●
accelerate /ɪkˈsɛləˌreɪt/ v. - 加快

英解
to cause (something) to happen sooner or more quickly
●
arrive /əˈraɪv/ v. - 到达;达到

英解
to come to or reach a place after traveling, being sent, etc.
●
expect /ɪkˈspɛkt/ v. - 预料;预期

英解
to think that something will probably or certainly happen
P12The report identified six areas that the world needs to deal with immediately.
该报告确认了六大需要全球立即行动的领域。 要点
动词短语:deal with sth,应付、处理某事。
●
area /ˈerijə/ n. - 区域;地区;领域;范围

英解
a particular part of a place, piece of land, or country; a subject or activity, or a part of it
●
identify /aɪˈdɛntəˌfaɪ/ v. - 认出;识别;鉴别;确认

英解
to recognize someone or something and say or prove who or what that person or thing is
●
immediately /ɪˈmi:dijətli/ adv. - 立即;马上

P13The scientists appealed to nations to use energy more efficiently and cut their use of fossil fuels.
科学家呼吁各国提高能源利用效率,减少化石燃料的使用。 要点
句型:appeal to sb to do sth,呼吁某人做某事。实际写作时,注意不要写成 appeal sb。
●
appeal /əˈpi:l/ v. - 呼吁

英解
to ask for something (such as help or support) in a serious way
●
efficiently /ɪˈfɪʃ.ənt/ adv. - 有效地;高效地

英解
working or operating in an organized, quick, and effective way
●
energy /ˈɛnɚʤi/ n. - 能源

英解
usable power that comes from heat, electricity, etc.
●
fossil /ˈfɑ:səl/ n. - 化石

英解
something (such as a leaf, skeleton, or footprint) that is from a plant or animal which lived in ancient times and that you can see in some rocks
●
fuel /ˈfju:wəl/ n. - 燃料

英解
a material (such as coal, oil, or gas) that is burned to produce heat or power
●
nation /ˈneɪʃən/ n. - 民族;国家

英解
a large area of land that is controlled by its own government; the people who live in a nation
P14They suggested that lawmakers approve taxes on the burning of carbon-based fuels, such as coal, oil and natural gas.
他们建议,立法者批准征收燃碳税,比如煤、石油以及天然气。 ●
burn /ˈbɚn/ v. - 着火;燃烧

英解
to be on fire, or to produce flames
词注
关于burned和burnt:这两种形式在美式英语和英式英语里都使用。美式英语多用burned,英式英语多用burnt。
●
carbon /ˈkɑɚbən/ n. - 碳

英解
a chemical element that forms diamonds and coal and that is found in petroleum and in all living plants and animals
●
coal /ˈkoʊl/ n. - 煤炭

英解
a black or brownish-black hard substance within the earth that is used as a fuel
●
natural gas n. - 天然气

英解
gas that is taken from under the ground and used as fuel
●
suggest /səˈʤɛst/ v. - 建议;提出;暗示

●
tax /ˈtæks/ n. - 税;税款

英解
an amount of money that a government requires people to pay according to their income, the value of their property, etc., and that is used to pay for the things done by the government
P15The scientists expressed support for women's rights and making family planning services 'available to all people.'
科学家对女性权利以及“人人可享”计划生育服务表达了支持。 ●
available /əˈveɪləbəl/ adj. - 可获得的;可用的

英解
easy or possible to get or use; present or ready for use
●
express /ɪkˈsprɛs/ v. - 陈述;表示;表达

英解
to show a feeling, opinion, or fact
词注
动词 express 复数形式是 expresses。
●
family planning n. - 计划生育

英解
the use of birth control to determine the number of children there will be in a family and when those children will be born
●
rights /rɑɪts/ n. - 权利

●
support /səˈpoɚt/ n. - 支持;资助

P16They said this would help to reduce sudden or unexpected changes in the size of the human population.
他们表示,这将帮助降低人类人口规模突然或意外变化。 ●
population /ˌpɑ:pjəˈleɪʃən/ n. - 人口数量

英解
the number of people who live in a place
●
reduce /rɪˈdu:s/ v. - 减少;减小;降低

英解
to make something smaller in size, amount, number, etc.
●
sudden /ˈsʌdn̩/ adj. - 突然的

英解
happening, coming, or done very quickly in a way that is usually not expected
●
unexpected /ˌʌnɪkˈspɛktəd/ adj. - 想不到的;意外的

P17The report urges people to move toward more of a plant-based diet.
该研究报告还敦促人们提高素食摄取。 要点
句型:urge sb to do sth,敦促某人做什么。
●
diet /ˈdajət/ n. - 饮食;食物

英解
the food and drink usually eaten or drunk by a person or group
●
urge /ˈɚʤ/ v. - 敦促;力劝

英解
to strongly advise or try to persuade someone to do a particular thing
P18Other areas of concern include preventing the destruction of forests and permanent loss of some plant and animal species.
他们关切的其它领域包括阻止破坏森林以及一些动植物物种的永久灭绝。 ●
animal /ˈænəməl/ n. - 动物

英解
a living thing that is not a human being or plant; any living thing that is not a plant
●
concern /kənˈsɚn/ n. - 担心;关心;关切

英解
a feeling of worry usually shared by many people; a feeling of being interested in and caring about a person or thing
●
destruction /dɪˈstrʌkʃən/ n. - 破坏;毁灭;消灭

●
forest /ˈforəst/ n. - 森林

英解
a thick growth of trees and bushes that covers a large area
●
include /ɪnˈklu:d/ v. - 包括;包含

英解
to have (someone or something) as part of a group or total; to make (someone or something) a part of something
●
loss /ˈlɑ:s/ n. - 丧失;失去;损失

英解
the fact that you no longer have something or have less of something
●
permanent /ˈpɚmənənt/ adj. - 永久的;持久的

英解
lasting or continuing for a very long time or forever; not temporary or changing
●
plant /ˈplænt/ n. - 植物

英解
a living thing that grows in the ground, usually has leaves or flowers, and needs sun and water to survive
●
prevent /prɪˈvɛnt/ v. - 预防;防止;阻止

英解
to stop (something) from happening or existing; to make (someone or something) not do something
●
species /ˈspi:ʃiz/ n. - 物种

英解
a group of animals or plants that are similar and can produce young animals or plants
P19The reported noted that it will most likely take strong actions by the public to move politicians to approve lasting policy changes.
该报告指出,民众采取强力举措来推动政客批准持久政策变革的可能性最大。 ●
action /ˈækʃən/ n. - 行动;行为;动作

英解
something that you do; a physical movement
●
change /ˈtʃeɪnʤ/ n. - 改变;变化;变革

英解
the act of becoming different, or the result of something becoming different
●
likely /ˈlaɪkli/ adj., adv. - 很可能;可能的

●
note /ˈnoʊt/ v. - 谈到;提及

英解
to give your attention to something by discussing it or making a written record of it
●
policy /ˈpɑ:ləsi/ n. - 政策;方针

英解
an officially accepted set of rules or ideas about what should be done
●
politician /ˌpɑ:ləˈtɪʃən/ n. - 政客;政治家

英解
someone who is active in government usually as an elected official
P20The scientists added, 'We believe that the prospects will be greatest if decision-makers and all of humanity promptly respond to this warning and declaration of a climate emergency, and act to sustain life on planet Earth, our only home.'
科学家们补充说:“我们相信,如果决策者和全人类对此警告和气候紧急情况迅速做出回应,以实际行动支持行星,我们唯一家园上的生命,那前景将非常好。” ●
act /ˈækt/ v. - 表演;行动;起作用

●
add /ˈæd/ v. - 添加;补充

●
believe /bəˈli:v/ v. - 相信;认为

英解
to think that something is true, correct, or real
●
decision /dɪˈsɪʒən/ n. - 决定;抉择

英解
a choice that you make about something after thinking about it
●
declaration /ˌdɛkləˈreɪʃən/ n. - 宣布;宣言;申诉

●
home /ˈhoʊm/ n. - 家;家庭;房屋;住宅

●
humanity /hjuˈmænəti/ n. - 人

●
only /ˈoʊnli/ adj., adv. - 只;仅仅;唯一的

●
planet /ˈplænət/ n. - 行星;星球

●
promptly /ˈprɑ:mptli/ adv. - 敏捷地;迅速地

●
prospect /ˈprɑ:ˌspɛkt/ n. - 前景;展望

英解
the idea of something that will or might happen in the future
●
respond /rɪˈspɑ:nd/ v. - 作答;响应

●
sustain /səˈsteɪn/ v. - 维持(生命);供养

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